Difference between Kwashiorkor and Marasmus in table form

Difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor

Difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor

	Marasmus	Kwashiorkor
Welcome Trust definition	<60% without edema	60-80% with edema
	Stunting + Wasting below 3rd Centile
Physiological State	Catabolism	Very low anabolism
Theory
Classical	Low energy → Fat and Muscle wasting	Low protein → low oncotic pressure → edema
Gopalan’s ( Theory of dysadaptabilty )	Chronic Adaptation to starvation	Inability to adapt to nutritional stress → edema and epithelial damage
Golden’s Theory (Free Radical Imbalance)	Imbalance between production and disposal of free radical	Inability to produce protein
Signs and Symptoms
Appearance	Old man/ Monkey facies Baggy pant appearance	Moon face appearance Puffy Sugar baby Appearance
Age	Infants	1-5 years
Prevalance	More common	Less common
Limbs	Wasted Subcutaneous tissue emaciated	Wasted but masked by edema Weak hypotonic limbs
Skin and hair	Hypopigmented hair and dry scaly skin	Flaky paint skin  Flag sign (Alteranting hypo and hyper pigmentation of hair)
Abdomen	Distended but not ascetic	Hepatomegaly (fatty liver)
		Petechial rashes (liver damage, low clotting factor)
Infection	Low	High
Mental status	Alert	Apathetic and irritable
Appetite	Good	Poor
Others
Serum albumin globulin ratio	Low	Very Low
Response to treatment	Good	Poor

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