Important Days of Commemoration of Public Health Interest (UN WHO endorsed and not endorsed)

Days of Public Health Interest Endorsed, Adopted and Observed by United Nations and its Agencies

Date	DAY
4th February	World Cancer Day
8th March	International Women’s Day
21st march	World Down Syndrome Day
24th March	World TB Day
2nd April	World Autism Awareness Day
7th April	World Health Day
25th April	World Malaria Day
28th April	World Day For Safety At Work
23rd May	International Day To End Obstetric Fistula
31st may	World No Tobacco Day
5th June	World Environment Day
13th June	International Albinism Awareness Day
14th June	World Blood Donor Day
21st June	World Yoga Day
11th July	World Population Day
28th July	World Hepatitis Day
28th September	World Rabies Day
10th October	World Mental Health Day
13th October	International Day For Disaster Reduction
16th October	World Food Day
14th November	World Diabetes Day
19th November	World Toilet Day
19th November (3rd Sunday of November)	World Day Of Rememberance Of Road Traffic Victims
1st December	World AIDS Day
3rd December	International Day Of Persons With Disabilities

Last week of April	World Immunization Week
1-7 August	World Breastfeeding Week
13-19 November	World Antibiotic Awareness Week

Http://Www.Un.Org/En/Sections/Observances/International-Weeks/Index.Html
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/events/official_days/en/

UN endorsed Days 

Other Days of Public Health Interest not endorsed by UN

Date	Day
February 11	World Day of Sick
February 15	World Cholangiocarnioma Day
March 12	World Glaucoma Day
March 20	World Oral Health Day
April 17	World Hemophilia day
May 8	World Redcross Day
May 12	International Nurses day
May 18	World AIDS vaccine day
1st Tuesday in March	World Asthma Day
June 26	World Vitiligo Day
September 28	International Safe Abortion Day
September 29	World Heart day
October 2	World Cerebral Palsy day
October 10	World Mental health Day
October 11	World Obesity Day
October 13	World Thrombosis Day
October 15	Global Hand Washing day
October 18	World Vasectomy day
October 20	World Osteoporosis Day
October 29	World Stroke day
2nd Thursday in October	World Sight Day
November 8	International Day of Radiology
November 12	World Pneumonia day
November 15	World COPD awareness Day
November 17	World Prematurity day
November 26	Anti Obesity Day

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_international_observances

Days Not endorsed by UN 

2017 WHO Recommendation for treatment of TB . Things you must know !!!

2017 WHO Recommendation for treatment of TB : Things you must know !!!

1.     Drug and Dosing

a.      The 2017 guideline from WHO strongly suggest the use of RIFAMPICIN based drug regimen ( 2HRZE + 4HR) for 6 months compared to 4 months course with FLUOROQUINOLONE group of drug.

b.     Always use fixed dose combination formulation for treating drug susceptible TB   than individual drug regimen.

c.      The WHO recommends use of DAILY DOSING of drugs compared to THRICE A WEEK regimen in both intensive and continuation phase.

2.      HIV and PTB

a.      ART should be started in all patient living with HIV irrespective of CD4 counts.

b.     TB treatment should be started first followed by ART within 8 weeks (as early as possible). If CD4 cell count is less than 50, it should be started with in 2 weeks.

c.      A 6 months regimen of ATT is enough for patient under ART and 8 months course is not needed.

3.     Steroid

a.      WHO strongly recommends the initial use of steroid (Dexamethasone / Prednisolone) tapered over a period of 6-8 weeks in TB MENINGITIS. While the use of steriod of pericarditis the conditionally recommended.

4.     Retreatment

a.      Category II (2HRZES+1HRZE+5HRE) should no longer be prescribed  

without Drug sensitivity and testing.

Know about various Focuses and Complexes seen in Tuberculosis

The recommendations that still holds valid from 2010 are:

 

1.     Drug and Dosing

a.      New patient with PTB must receive 6 months of ATT therapy (2HRZE + 4HR) that is a Rifampicin based therapy and NOT that contains 2HRZE + 4HE.

b.     The use of daily dosing regimen should be practiced as far as feasible and twice daily dose should never be  used. There were recommendation for use of thrice weekly dose however the newer recommdation strongly favors use of daily dosing regimen.

c.      In areas with high resistance for Isoniazid, the expert recommend the use of HRE in continuation phase rather than HR alone.

d.     The extension of intensive phase is NOT recommended strongly even if the patient is not sputum negative at the end of Intensive phase

2.     TB and HIV

a.      WHO strongly recommends use of Rifampicin based therapy for the patients living with TB and HIV or patient living in high TB prevalent area.

b.     The duration should be NO LESS THAN those with HIV NEGATIVE status that is 6 months.There was suspicion over need of prolonged therapy but the newer recommedation suggests 6 month is sufficient.

c.      The DAILY DOSE THERAPY is recommended.

3.     Re-treatment

a.      The specimen for culture and sensitivity must be obtained in any patient going for re-treatment and sensitivity testing must be done at least for ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN.

b.     If possible the therapy should be guided based upon Rapid Molecular susceptibility testing.

For other details and full text follow the link to http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/255052/1/9789241550000-eng.pdf?ua=1

Tuberculosis, Focuses, Complexes

1. Ghon focus(subpleural)
2. Ranke focus(ghon focus+enlarged/calcified lymphnode).
3. Puhls focus-apex
4. Assman focus- Deep apical
5. Simon focus-Subpleural focus in upper lobe
6. Aschoff-puhl focus-coarse granular dissemination.
7. Rich's focus- brain(cortex).
8. Simmond's focus-liver.
9. Wigard's focus-blood vessel(intima).

Ghon focus is a primary lesion usually subpleural, often in the mid to lower zones, caused by mycobacterium bacilli (tuberculosis) developed in the lung of a nonimmune host (usually a child). It is named for Anton Ghon (1866–1936), an Austrian pathologist.

It is a small area of granulomatous inflammation, only detectable by [chest X-ray] if it calcifies or grows substantially (seetuberculosis radiology).Typically these will heal, but in some cases, especially in immunosuppressed patients, it will progress to miliary tuberculosis (so named due to thegranulomas resembling millet seeds on a chest X-ray). 

The classical location for primary infection is surrounding the lobar fissures, either in the upper part of the lower lobe or lower part of the upper lobe.

If the Ghon focus also involves infection of adjacent lymphatics and hilar lymph nodes, it is known as the Ghon's complex or primary complex. When a Ghon's complex undergoes fibrosis and calcification it is called a Ranke complex. 

>>2017 WHO Recommendation for Treatment of Pulmonary TB:  Things you must know !!! 

A Simon focus is a tuberculosis (TB) nodule that can form in the apex of the lung when a primary TB infection elsewhere in the body spreads to the lung apex via the bloodstream. Simon focus nodules are often calcified.

The initial lesion is usually a small focus of consolidation, less than 2cm in diameter and located within 1 to 2 cm of the apical pleura.In adolescence, Simon foci may become reactivated and develop into Assmann foci. Such foci are sharply circumscribed, firm, gray-white to yellow areas that have a variable amount of central caseation and peripheral fibrosis.

A Rich focus is a tuberculousgranuloma occurring on the cortex of the brain that ruptures into the subarachnoid space, causing tuberculous meningitis.It is named for Arnold Rice Rich who first described it.

Primary TB

1. Ghon focus(subpleural)
2. Ranke focus(ghon focus+enlarged/calcified lymphnode).
3.Puhls focus-apex
1. Assman focus- Deep apical
2. Simon focus-Subpleural focus in upper lobe
3. Aschoff-puhl focus-coarse granular dissemination.
4. Rich's focus- brain(cortex).
5. Simmond's focus-liver.
6. Wigard's focus-blood vessel(intima).

Secondary TB

Puhls focus: cerebellar focus
Weigerts focus: sub initimal focus

Simond focus: Liver focus

Collected from wikipedia and internet. 

Just collected. Copied and pasted.